Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. The mast cell, found in connective tissue proper, has many cytoplasmic granules. For the passionate athlete, it may be time to take some lessons to improve technique. Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat? Polysaccharides and proteins secreted by fibroblasts combine with extra-cellular fluids to produce a viscous ground substance that, with embedded fibrous proteins, forms the extra-cellular matrix. Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column. 4. the surface tension of water is high because molecule form multiple Hydrogen bonds. Wraps and cushions organs, holds and conveys tissue fluid during inflammation (packages organs, surrounds capillaries) loose adipose connective tissue. areolar. In contrast, white fat adipocytes store lipids as a single large drop and are metabolically less active. In case of severe pain, X-rays can be examined to rule out the possibility of a bone injury. Legal. In bone, the matrix is rigid and described as calcified because of the deposited calcium salts. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Discuss how blood fulfills this role. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. Adipose tissue consists mostly of fat storage cells, with little extracellular matrix ([link]). (Micrographs provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School 2012), Cartilage is a connective tissue consisting of collagenous fibers embedded in a firm matrix of chondroitin sulfates. Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. The number and type of adipocytes depends on the tissue and location, and vary among individuals in the population. Cellularity Composed almost entirely of cells with minimal extra cellular material Specialized contacts Cells joined by special junctions to stick together and communicate. As may be obvious from its name, one of the major functions of connective tissue is to connect tissues and organs. What is the description of connective tissue fibers? Adipose. Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. Some cells have the ability to cross the endothelial layer that lines vessels and enter adjacent tissues. delicate network of interwoven fibers. What is the ground substance in typical connective tissue matrix? She interrupts your protests that you cannot stop playing. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site Most often, the condition results from repetitive motions over time that strain the tendons needed to perform the tasks. As you might expect, a fibrocyte, a less active form of fibroblast, is the second most common cell type in connective tissue proper. Lastly, found in between the deep fascia and the serous membranes, is the subserous fascia. Fibrocartilage is tough because of extra collagen fibers and forms, among other things, the intervertebral discs. The main property of elastin is that after being stretched or compressed, it will return to its original shape. All connective tissues derive from the mesodermal layer of the embryo (see [link]). All of the preventive measures aim to increase the strength of the tendon and decrease the stress put on it. Transcribed Image Text: adipose collagen, reticular, elastic that convey (s) tissue fluid and strengthen (s) organs is/are that store (s) fat and protect (s) organs is/are that attach (es) muscles and bones is/are dense connective tissue collagen and a few elastic Pearson connective tissue areolar matrix includes ground substance and the DESCRIPTION: single layer of flattened cells FUNCTION: allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important secretes lubrication substances in serosae LOCATION: Kidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs; lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels, line of ventral body cavity Erythrocytes, red blood cells, transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide. A. Tug gently at your ear lobes, and notice that the lobes return to their initial shape. Keratin is a protein that helps strengthen the cells against abrasion. The condition causes pain and tenderness in the area around a joint. Compact bone is solid and has greater structural strength. Blood contains formed elements derived from bone marrow. Nutrients, salts, and waste are dissolved in the liquid matrix and transported through the body. Embedded within the cartilage matrix are chondrocytes, or cartilage cells, and the space they occupy are called lacunae (singular = lacuna). conveys tissue fluid and strengthens organs Areolar tissue is a reservoir for water, salts and fibroblasts What does adipose tissue contain? Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. Connective tissues provide support and assist movement, store and transport energy molecules, protect against infections, and contribute to temperature homeostasis. Connective tissue proper includes loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue. Young, James A. Young athletes, dancers, and computer operators; anyone who performs the same movements constantly is at risk for tendinitis. -Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. Protein fibers fall into three major groups: collagen fibers that are thick, strong, flexible, and resist stretch; reticular fibers that are thin and form a supportive mesh; and elastin fibers that are thin and elastic. The game is over for now. Why does an injury to cartilage, especially hyaline cartilage, heal much more slowly than a bone fracture? For active individuals, dynamic stretches before exercising and cross training or changing exercises are recommended. The surface of hyaline cartilage is smooth. All of these fiber types are embedded in ground substance. After examining your swollen wrist, the doctor in the emergency room announces that you have developed wrist tendinitis. Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Consistency is a measure of how a liquid material reacts to gravity. Secreted by fibroblasts, ground substance is made of polysaccharides, specifically hyaluronic acid, and proteins. Polarity Cell regions of the apical surface differ from the basal surface. Bone is the hardest connective tissue. Cancellous bone is spongy and less solid than compact bone. Fibersfunction in support; secreted by fibroblasts. Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose Fluid tissue, for example blood and lymph, is characterized by a liquid matrix and no supporting fibers. The main property of elastin is that after being stretched or compressed, it will return to its original shape. They are found throughout the body, but are most abundant in the reticular tissue of soft organs, such as liver and spleen, where they anchor and provide structural support to the parenchyma (the functional cells, blood vessels, and nerves of the organ). For active individuals, stretches before exercising and cross training or changing exercises are recommended. A large number of capillaries allow rapid storage and mobilization of lipid molecules. Connect tissues provide support and assist movement, store and transport energy molecules, protect against infections, and contribute to temperature homeostasis. Although repetitive motions are unavoidable in many activities and may lead to tendinitis, precautions can be taken that can lessen the probability of developing tendinitis. Watch this animation to learn more about tendonitis, a painful condition caused by swollen or injured tendons. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers and contains large amounts of proteoglycans. What is tendinitis and how did it happen? The histology of transverse tissue from long bone shows a typical arrangement of osteocytes in concentric circles around a central canal. Connective tissue proper > loose - gel-like matrix w/ all 3 fiber types - cells and fibroblasts, machrophages, mast cells, WBC - wraps/cushions organs - macrophages eat bacteria - role w/ inflammation - holds/conveys tissue fluid - found under epithelia, forms lamina propria of mucus membrane and packages organs and surrounds capillaries 1.361026. In some tissues, fibers crisscross and form a mesh. The many mitochondria in the cytoplasm of brown adipose tissue help explain its efficiency at metabolizing stored fat. Loose connective tissue proper includes adipose tissue, areolar tissue, and reticular tissue. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain? It contains all the cell types and fibers previously described and is distributed in a random, web-like fashion. Reticular fiber is also formed from the same protein subunits as collagen fibers; however, these fibers remain narrow and are arrayed in a branching network. Under epithelial tissues 2. Tendinitis is the inflammation of a tendon, the thick band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone. The three main types of cartilage tissue are hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage (Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\)). In dense irregular connective tissue, the direction of fibers is random. Connective tissue is a heterogeneous tissue class with assorted cell shapes and tissue architecture. It provides protection to internal organs and supports the body. The amount and structure of each component correlates with the function of the tissue, from the rigid ground substance in bones supporting the body to the inclusion of specialized cells; for example, a phagocytic cell that engulfs pathogens and also rids tissue of cellular debris. Leukocytes, white blood cells, are responsible for defending against potentially harmful microorganisms or molecules. Areolar tissue shows little specialization. As you have seen from the tissue types discussed above, the main role of connective tissues is to form the structural framework of the body. energy storage, padding between joints and organs, heat conversion ( surrounds joints organs, dermis of skin) . From top, LM 300, LM 1200, LM 1016. It forms the lamina propria of mucus membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. - Location(s): widely distributed under epithelia of body; forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries (b) Dense irregular connective tissue consists of collagenous fibers interwoven into a mesh-like network. It derives its name from the Latin reticulus, which means little net.. Fibroblasts produce this fibrous tissue. 31 Transitional Epithelium Several cell layers, basal cells are cuboidal . A histologist examines a tissue slide and observes many fibers tightly packed together in a parallel arrangement. They are found throughout the body, but are most abundant in the reticular tissue of soft organs, such as liver and spleen, where they anchor and provide structural support to the parenchyma (the functional cells, blood vessels, and nerves of the organ). While older adults are at risk for tendinitis because the elasticity of tendon tissue decreases with age, active people of all ages can develop tendinitis. When stimulated, macrophages release cytokines, small proteins that act as chemical messengers. Cartilage and bone are supportive tissue. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The matrix plays a major role in the functioning of this tissue. Protection is another major function of connective tissue, in the form of fibrous capsules and bones that protect delicate organs and, of course, the skeletal system. As you toss the ball high in the air, a burning pain shoots across your wrist and you drop the tennis racket.
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