Because automotive trade associations were the best organized, many of the positions taken by the conferences reflected their interests. In retirement, Theodore bought a large property on the remote north coast of Santa Cruz County. By December 1933, it had been ratified by the requisite number of states to become the Twenty-first Amendment. [23] Though he was initially shy among fellow students, Hoover won election as student treasurer and became known for his distaste for fraternities and sororities. [228] In his campaign trips around the country, Hoover was faced with perhaps the most hostile crowds ever seen by a sitting president. [122] Though Hoover received wide acclaim for his role in the crisis, he ordered the suppression of reports of mistreatment of African Americans in refugee camps. [124] He did so with the cooperation of African-American leader Robert Russa Moton, who was promised unprecedented influence once Hoover became president. [140] Hoover's victory was positively received by newspapers; one wrote that Hoover would "drive so forcefully at the tasks now before the nation that the end of his eight years as president will find us looking back on an era of prodigious achievement". The grandchildren of Hoover, Dewey and Eisenhower managed to survive Herbert Hoover - Wikipedia The Genealogy of the Herbert Hoover Family. Herbert Hoover Family Tree (15650) - Famous Kin Hoover and other London-based American businessmen established a committee to organize the return of the roughly 100,000 Americans stranded in Europe. [241] After the September 1939 invasion of Poland by Germany, Hoover opposed U.S. involvement in World War II, including the Lend-Lease policy. [25] During the summers before and after his senior year, Hoover interned under economic geologist Waldemar Lindgren of the United States Geological Survey; these experiences convinced Hoover to pursue a career as a mining geologist. 3/10/1935 - 3/17/2023 Patricia Weaver Hill passed away peacefully with family by her side on March 17, 2023, just one week after her 88th birthday. Herbert Hoover: Family Life By David E. Hamilton President Herbert Hoover worked extremely hard, sometimes putting in eighteen-hour days at the office. [114], As Commerce Secretary, Hoover hosted national conferences on street traffic collectively known as the National Conference on Street and Highway Safety. Over the objection of many economists, Hoover signed the SmootHawley Tariff Act into law in June 1930. World War I broke out in August 1914, pitting Germany and its allies against France and its allies. People . He tended to oppose governmental coercion or intervention, as he thought they infringed on American ideals of individualism and self-reliance. [125], Hoover quietly built up support for a future presidential bid throughout the 1920s, but he carefully avoided alienating Coolidge, who possibly could have run for another term in the 1928 presidential election. Theodore was born in 1871, Herbert in 1874, and Mary in 1876. . He created many sub-departments and committees, overseeing and regulating everything from manufacturing statistics to air travel. Herbert Hoover held teachers in high esteem, writing an article 'Thank You Miss Gray' for . [66] With the cooperation of the Wilson administration and the CNSA, a Belgian relief organization, Hoover established the Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB). [41], In this role, Hoover continually traveled the world on behalf of Bewick, visiting mines operated by the company on different continents. He authored numerous works and became increasingly conservative in retirement. [117], With the goal of encouraging wise business investments, Hoover made the Commerce Department a clearinghouse of information. Instead of receiving presents and goodies, however, the guests were requested to bring toys, clothing and sweets that would be sent to poor children of coal miners in West Virginia. Since 2012, she has been a political contributor at CNN. [180] While Hoover continued to resist direct federal relief efforts, Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York launched the Temporary Emergency Relief Administration to provide aid to the unemployed. Listed below are details on up to five generations of descendants. [8] As a child, Hoover consistently attended schools, but he did little reading on his own aside from the Bible. When the children would visit him while he was working, he would give them goodies from a stash he kept in his desk drawer. [286] His White House did break the color bar by inviting Jessie De Priest, wife of the first Black congressman elected in several decades, to a traditional tea for the wives of congressmen as well as later inviting the Tuskegee Institute choir (then under the direction of William Dawson).[287]. [187] As these measures failed to stem the economic crisis, Hoover signed the Emergency Relief and Construction Act, a $2 billion public works bill, in July 1932. [197] Many black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1932 election, and African Americans would later become an important part of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal coalition. Perry. ", Polsky, Andrew J., and Olesya Tkacheva. Born on Monday, August 10, 1874 The Hoovers came from Miami County, Ohio, and the Minthorns from Canada. [2], Hoover was born in Colorado, the daughter of Jean (Williams), a flight attendant, and Andrew Hoover, a mining engineer. Relevance Grandson of President Herbert Hoover loses home in wildfire [198], As part of his efforts to limit unemployment, Hoover sought to cut immigration to the United States, and in 1930 he promulgated an executive order requiring individuals to have employment before migrating to the United States. The President stayed behind due to important work that needed to be done, and Peter, much to his dismay, was left at the White House because he had a bad cold. [237] In the general election, Hoover delivered numerous well-publicized speeches on behalf of Landon, but Landon was defeated by Roosevelt. During his sophomore year, to reduce his costs, Hoover co-founded the first student housing cooperative at Stanford, "Romero Hall". [12][13], In November 1885, Hoover was sent to Newberg, Oregon, to live with his uncle John Minthorn, a Quaker physician and businessman whose own son had died the year before. [39] He made recommendations to improve the lot of the Chinese worker, seeking to end the practice of imposing long-term servitude contracts and to institute reforms for workers based on merit. [194] Hoover also continued to pursue the lily-white strategy, removing African Americans from positions of leadership in the Republican Party in an attempt to end the Democratic Party's dominance in the South. When he was 11, Herbert was sent to Newberg, Oregon, to live with Hulda's brother, Dr. Henry John Minthorn, and his family Herbert attended the . One observer described Hoover as "an orphan [who] seemed to be neglected in many ways". [80] Determined to avoid rationing, Hoover established set days for people to avoid eating specified foods and save them for soldiers' rations: meatless Mondays, wheatless Wednesdays, and "when in doubt, eat potatoes". Herbert Hoover (right) poses in a publicity photo for postwar European relief in 1919. . That failed but the Germans did control nearly all of Belgium for the entire war. I am a tour guide at Hoovers Rapidan Camp in Shenandoah National Park. [32] Partly due to Hoover's efforts, the company eventually controlled approximately 50 percent of gold production in Western Australia. At the 1936 Republican National Convention, Hoover's speech attacking the New Deal was well received, but the nomination went to Kansas Governor Alf Landon. Their youngest son, Allan, had just graduated from Stanford University and was still single when his father became President, but, their older son, Herbert Jr., and his wife, Margaret Watson Hoover, already had two children and welcomed a third into the world during the Hoover Presidency. 11/06/1928 (31-1928-35) Download Print. [45] He made investments on every continent and had offices in San Francisco; London; New York City; Paris; Petrograd; and Mandalay, British Burma. Herbert Clark Hoover married Louella Henry (29 Mar 1874 - 7 Jan 1944) on 10 Feb 1899 and is the father of 2 children and the grandfather of 6 grandchildren. Their plan was to drastically cut back on output from British Malaya, which had the effect of tripling rubber prices. President Herbert Hoover and First Lady Lou Hoover planned to celebrate the holidays without their family, including their grandchildren Peggy Ann and Peter who lived in California. Conditions were harsh in the goldfields; Hoover described the Coolgardie and Murchison rangelands on the edge of the Great Victoria Desert as a land of "black flies, red dust and white heat". [128] Despite his lukewarm feelings towards Hoover, Coolidge had no desire to split the party by publicly opposing the popular Commerce Secretary's candidacy. [272][273] He died on October 20, 1964, in New York City following massive internal bleeding. Self-Made Multimillionaire [190] The act increased taxes across the board, rolling back much of the tax cut reduction program Mellon had presided over during the 1920s. Midred Brooke Hoover (1901-1983), married to Cornelius Willis. The Theodore J. Hoover Natural Preserve is now part of Big Basin State Park. [246][247], In December 1939, sympathetic Americans led by Hoover formed the Finnish Relief Fund to donate money to aid Finnish civilians and refugees after the Soviet Union had started the Winter War by attacking Finland, which had outraged Americans. [166] Despite the widespread unpopularity of the bill, Hoover felt that he could not reject the main legislative accomplishment of the Republican-controlled 71st Congress. Margaret Claire Hoover (born December 11, 1977) is an American conservative political commentator, political strategist, media personality, author, and great-granddaughter of Herbert Hoover, the 31st U.S. Contemporaries described Hoover's approach as a "third alternative" between "unrestrained capitalism" and socialism, which was becoming increasingly popular in Europe. Though Hoover's last spoken words are unknown, his last known written words were a get well message to his friend Harry Truman, six days before his death, after he heard that Truman had sustained injuries from slipping in a bathroom: "Bathtubs are a menace to ex-presidents for as you may recall a bathtub rose up and fractured my vertebrae when I was in Venezuela on your world famine mission in 1946. Truman accepted some of the recommendations of the "Hoover Commission" for eliminating waste, fraud, and inefficiency, consolidating agencies, and strengthening White House control of policy. Coolidge and other prominent Republicans all passed on the opportunity to challenge Hoover. The Hoover grandchildren at the White House - Hoover Heads [25] Before the 2020 election, she said, "I can't bring myself to vote for Donald Trump", adding that she would "quite likely" vote for Joe Biden instead, as she found the vote a "binary choice". For the first nine years of his life, he lived in the small town of West Branch, Iowa, the place of his birth. ", "Journalists Margaret Hoover, Jackson Diehl Honored at Algemeiner Summer Benefit", Declassified: Untold Stories of American Spies, Presidential transition of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Birthplace and childhood home National Historic Site, Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hoover&oldid=1148410367, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 6 April 2023, at 00:12. [274] [136] In the South, Hoover and the national party pursued a "lily-white" strategy, removing black Republicans from leadership positions in an attempt to curry favor with white Southerners. Mary's brother Theodore described her as a "dark-eyed, sprightly, and lovable little sister." [65], The German invasion of Belgium in August 1914 set off a food crisis in Belgium, which relied heavily on food imports. [24] He served as student manager of both the baseball and football teams, and helped organize the inaugural Big Game versus the University of California. [293] His wife was inducted into the hall in 1990. [127] Coolidge was unwilling to anoint Hoover as his successor; on one occasion he remarked that, "for six years that man has given me unsolicited adviceall of it bad". Both were Quakers. [206] Hoover had hoped that the commission's public report would buttress his stance in favor of Prohibition, but the report criticized the enforcement of the Volstead Act and noted the growing public opposition to Prohibition. Permission was sought from former President Herbert Hoover to use his name on the building. [278] Hoover was the last surviving member of the Harding and Coolidge Cabinets. [78], World War I had created a global food crisis that dramatically increased food prices and caused food riots and starvation in the countries at war. Hoover's wartime push for higher taxes, criticism of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer's actions during the First Red Scare, and his advocacy for measures such as the minimum wage, forty-eight-hour workweek, and elimination of child labor made him appealing to progressives of both parties. Hoover has been memorialized in the names of several things, including the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River and numerous elementary, middle, and high schools across the United States. [280] A 2017 C-SPAN poll of historians also ranked Hoover as the 36th best president. [203], He reorganized the Bureau of Indian Affairs to limit exploitation of Native Americans. He was only eight months in office when the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred. ", Short, Brant. [152] Most dangerous of all to the economy was excessive speculation that had raised stock prices far beyond their value. [73][74], War upon Germany was declared in April 1917, and American food was essential to Allied victory. Margaret Ann, the oldest, nicknamed Peggy Ann, was almost three when Hoover was inaugurated in March, 1929; Herbert Hoover III, nicknamed Peter, was 16 months. Herbert W. Hoover - Hoover Heads 14. [253] Because of Hoover's experience with Germany at the end of World War I, in 1946 Truman selected the former president to tour Allied-occupied Germany and Rome, Italy to ascertain the food needs of the occupied nations. One of the first pieces of furniture that was moved into the White House on Inauguration Day 1929 was a crib for Peter. [103] His experience mobilizing the war-time economy convinced him that the federal government could promote efficiency by eliminating waste, increasing production, encouraging the adoption of data-based practices, investing in infrastructure, and conserving natural resources. Hoover usually awoke at 6 a.m. and exercised with a medicine ball, along with select members of his cabinet and staff, Supreme Court justices, and invited congressmen. [81] The Food Administration shipped 23 million metric tons of food to the Allied Powers, preventing their collapse and earning Hoover great acclaim. [44] Hoover thought of himself and his associates as "engineering doctors to sick concerns", and he earned a reputation as a "doctor of sick mines". He married Lou Henry on 10 Feb 1899 in Monterey, California. [135] Smith was more charismatic and gregarious than Hoover, but his campaign was damaged by anti-Catholicism and his overt opposition to Prohibition. [7] Herbert's family figured prominently in the town's public prayer life, due almost entirely to mother Hulda's role in the church. Hoover was born to a Quaker family in West Branch, Iowa, but he grew up in Oregon. After the Hoover family sold the Birthplace Cottage in 1878, later owners rotated it 90 degrees, moved it 30 feet west, and attached a larger house. Birth of Herbert W. Hoover. Government projects such as the building of the Hoover Dam did little to aid the problem. . "[284], Racist remarks and racial humor was common at the time, but Hoover never indulged in them while President and deliberate discrimination was anathema to him; he thought of himself as a friend to Blacks and an advocate for their progress. [170] A series of bank failures in late 1930 heralded a larger collapse of the economy in 1931. The blog of the Herbert Hoover Library and Museum. Hoover's wartime service made him a favorite of many progressives, and he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination in the 1920 presidential election. [202] According to legal professor Kevin R. Johnson, the repatriation campaign meets the modern legal standards of ethnic cleansing, as it involved the forced removal of a racial minority by government actors. Peggy Ann was particularly interested to see the bears, because one White House staff member had told the children that a bear lived in the cellar of the White House. [138] Historians agree that Hoover's national reputation and the booming economy, combined with deep splits in the Democratic Party over religion and Prohibition, guaranteed his landslide victory. Jesse and Hulda Hoover had three children. [133] The Democrats nominated New York governor Al Smith, who became the first Catholic major party nominee for president.
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